I'm overdue in writing more about my last trip to Japan a few months back. Learn about future trips.
Today, I'll like to share some highlights from one organization we visited, Seki Chuo Hospital, which is located outside of Nagoya. I have visited this hospital in 2012 and 2014 and it's interesting to see how their approach to Total Quality Management (TQM), Lean, and Kaizen has progressed and evolved. I mentioned them in a 2014 post about “quality circles.”
One part of our visit was an opportunity to visit the pharmacy and to hear a presentation by one of the pharmacists.
“We practice TQM,”
she said, which reminds me of the phrase “Practicing Lean” that I like. Many of these organizations in Japan would say they have been practicing TQM for 20 or 30 years. They didn't implement TQM. They never finished improving.
Their mission is “safe and comfortable medication management.”
At Seki Chuo, the pharmacy was the first department to start with TQM in 2004.
She framed the gap between their Ideal Status (“what we want or need to do”) and the Current Status. This gap represents the problem, which is the way I hear former Toyota people explain a problem statement.
The overview of their TQM approach emphasizes the need for Kaizen and Kaikaku (innovation). Using Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycles, they “standardize the work” to “maintain the current level” but they are also, at times, “dissatisfied with the current status” so they “change the way it is done today.”
The hospital works to improve in the context of strategy and a “balanced scorecard,” with strategic themes and metrics in areas of finance, customer, work process, and learning and growth.
Their “first step” is understanding the current situation to identify:
- What they want to more of
- What they want to do less of (“asking why time is being consumed”)
They do this through time study, process mapping, and observation, to “grasp the current status.”
“We were like a mouse running all around the pharmacy.”
Then, they work to analyze the factors that lead to the gap. The next step is to implement countermeasures, such as moving medicines so there is less walking.
Through “an accumulation of small Kaizen,” they reduced the amount of time required to prepare, inspect, and “cart set” a medication by 60%, as expressed in a before-and-after bar chart.
The percentage of patients getting medication instruction information at the time of discharge increased from 45.6% in 2015 to 92.6% in 2016.
The number of medication instructions was also shown as a run chart, which I always appreciate seeing, for better context.
Also, through “many small changes,” inventory was reduced over a few years by about 50%, or about 6 million yen (about $55,000).
In her description of 2018 learnings, she presented that:
“We were able to discover the 3M (mura / muri / muda = irregularity / strain / waste) to be improved, by understanding the work flow by process flow chart, and visualizing the time, movement, and motion that affect the work.
All members were able to accept Kaizen activities via data visualizing, and realize that it contributes to the P&L, hence the hospital's policy achievement.”
Notice how they are connecting local improvement to strategy and measures.
When “the workplace was activated by Kaizen activities, they improved the safety and accuracy of medication deliveries, which allows them to:
“rediscover what the pharmacists really should be.”
Small Kaizen Contest
Don't you love the graphics for the “small kaizen contest?”
What is a “small Kaizen?” They say it's:
“To improve / change the current way of working.”
She also compared TQM and the “Quality Circle stories” with Kaizen, saying:
“The QC story takes a long time… Kaizen is faster.”
To document completed Kaizens, they use a “before and after” Kaizen template that's very similar to what Joe Swartz and I share in Healthcare Kaizen (and there's English templates available on our website).
The template includes places to write a:
- Theme
- Current condition
- “There was a problem” is how Google translates that box to the right
- Result
The cartoon woman is singing “Kaizen Sheet!”
For what was their 11th annual event/contest, the hospital set up a contest with five categories:
- Patient centric
- 5S
- Cost reduction
- Work improvement
- Other
And there were three “special awards” determined by the Hospital Director (CEO), an Honorary Director, and the Deputy Director. There was a committee with 18 judges.
60% of the submissions were in the “improvement of the work” category because those were “easiest to change.” 16% were patient centric, 15% were in the 5S category, and 6% were cost reduction.
Most American hospitals would emphasize cost reduction.
I'll share one of the winners here, in the patient-centric category.
The problem was that bed-ridden patients wanted to read the newspaper and it appears the paper is quite large. So, there was a stand built to hold the paper… it can be placed on a a piece of cardboard, held with a clothespin, and placed at a slight angle.
Note this is the “old format” – they Kaizen their Kaizen form! Of course!
The theme was simply: “Want to read newspapers!”
What a nice, simple thing to do for patients.
Other winning Kaizens included:
- Helping patients develop a habit of washing hands before meals
- Creating a fan coil remote control
- Revising the time for face wiping of patients
- Devising a way for patients to use their elbow to press the nurse call button
As we advocate for in Healthcare Kaizen, a simple, one-page Kaizen summary can be a powerful tool for reflection, recognition, and sharing ideas. These sheets don't take much time to fill out, even if you're adding pictures (which is far easier today than it was 11 years ago, now that everybody has a camera with them).
In a future post, I'll write about how they responded when the number of Kaizen submission decreased… it was an opportunity to Kaizen their Kaizen process. Here is that post:
Should This Japanese Hospital React to a Dip in Kaizen Submissions?
Thanks for checking it out…
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Nice to see that even the Japanese Pharmaceutical companies have applied the Japanese styles of production that are famous around the globe. TQM, Kaizen and Lean production methods are no doubt the best methods invented by Japanese manufacturing business to increase the efficiency of the production.